Waterford curriculum designers consult a variety of sources in order to develop courseware that is grounded in solid research. Below are some of the Waterford Early Reading Program sources and Waterford Early Math and Science sources.

Adams, Marilyn Jager. (1990). Beginning to read: Thinking and learning about print. Cambridge: MIT Press.

_____. (1998). Phonemic awareness in young children. Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.

Allington, Richard L. (February 1983). Fluency: The neglected reading goal. The Reading Teacher, 36(6), 556-561.

Anderson, R. C., et al. (1984). Becoming a nation of readers: The report of the commission on reading. Washington DC: The National Institute of Education.

Au, K. H., Mason, J. M., & Scheu, J.A. (1995). Literacy instruction for today. New York: Harper Collins College Publishers.

Balajthy, E. (February 1988). Keyboarding, language arts, and the elementary school child. Computing Teacher, 15 (5), 40-43.

Barr, Rebecca, Kamil, Michael L., Mosenthal, Peter B., & Pearson, P. David (Eds.). (2000). Handbook of reading research (Vol. 3). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.

Beck, I. L., & Juel, C. (1992). The role of decoding in learning to read. What research has to say about reading instruction. Samuels, S.J., & Farstrup, A.E. (Eds.) Newark, DE: International Reading Association.

Blachman, Benita. (1997). Early intervention and phonological awareness: A cautionary tale. In Blachman, B. (Ed.). Foundations of Reading Acquisition and Dyslexia. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 414.

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Blackman, B., Ball, E., Black, S., & Tangel, D. (1994). Kindergarten teachers develop phoneme awareness in low-income, inner-city classrooms: Does it make a difference? Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 6, 1-17.

Bond, G. L., & Dystra, R. (1967). The cooperative research program in first-grade reading instruction. Reading Research Quarterly, 2(4), 5-142.

Bradley, L., & Bryant, P. E. (1991). Phonological skills before and after learning to read. Phonological processes in literacy: A tribute to Isabelle Y. Lieberman. Brady, S.A., & Shankweiler, D.P. (Eds.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 37-45.

Bredekamp, Sue, Copple, Carol, & Neuman, Susan B. (2000). Learning to read and write: Developmentally appropriate practices for young children. Washington DC: The National Association for the Education of Young Children.

Brown, A. L., Palincsar, A. S., & Arbruster, B. B. (1994). Instructing comprehension-fostering activities in interactive learning situations. Theoretical models and processes of reading (4th ed.). Ruddell, R.B., Ruddell, M.R. & Singer, H. (Eds.). Newark, DE: International Reading Association, 757-785.

Bryant, P., Maclean, M., & Bradley, L. (1990). Rhyme, language, and children's reading. Applied Psycholinguistics, 11(4), 237-252.

Bryant P., et al. (1989). Nursery rhymes, phonological skills, and reading. Journal of Child Language, 16(2), 407-428.

Burns, Marilyn. (1992). About teaching mathematics: A K-8 resource. Sausalito, CA: Math Solutions Publications, 79.

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Burns, M. S., et al. (Eds.) (1998). Preventing reading difficulties in young children. Washington DC: National Academy Press.

Byrne, B., & Fielding-Barnsley, R. (1993). Evaluation of a program to teach phonemic awareness to young children: A 1-year follow-up. Journal of Educational Psychology, (Psychology, 85, 104-111).

Calfee, R. (1998). Phonics and phonemes: Learning to decode and spell in a literature-based program. In Metsala, J.L. & Ehri, L.C. (Eds.) Word Recognition in Beginning Literacy. Mahweh, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 329.

Campbell, D. D. (1973). Typewriting contrasted with handwriting: A circumvention study of learning disabled children. Journal of Special Education, 7(2), 155-168.

Clay, M. M. (1991). Becoming literate. Auckland, New Zealand: Heinemann.

_____. (1985). The early detection of reading difficulties (3rd ed.). Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.

Cothran, A., & Mason, G. E. (1978). The typewriter: Time-tested tool for teaching reading and writing. Elementary School Journal, 78(3), 171-178.

Cullinan, B. E. (1989). Literature for young children. In Strickland, D.S. & Morrow, L.M. (Eds.). Emerging Literacy: Young children learn to read and write. Newark, DE: International Reading Association.

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Cunningham, A. E. (1990). Explicit versus implicit instruction in phonemic awareness. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 50, 429-444.

Durkin, Dolores. (1989). Teaching them to read (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

Eldredge, J. L. (1995). Teaching decoding in holistic classrooms. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, Inc.

Fountas, I. C., & Pinnell, G. S. (1996). Guided reading: Good first teaching for all children. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.

Fry, E.B., Kress, J. E., & Fountoudidis, D. L. (1993). The reading teacher's book of lists. West Nyack, NY: The Center for Applied Research in Education.

Garland, Cynthia. (1990). Mathematics their way: Summary newsletter. Saratoga, CA: Center for Innovation in Education, 9, 1.

Graves, Donald. (1994). A fresh look at writing. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.

Graves, M. F., Juel, C., & Graves, B. B. (1998). Teaching Reading in the 21st Century. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon, 154.

Griffith, P. L., & Olson, M. W. (March 1992). Phonemic awareness helps beginning readers break the code. The Reading Teacher, 45 (7), 516-523.

Gunning, T. (1998). Assessing and correcting reading and writing difficulties. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon, 70-88.

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Hall, Susan L. & Moats, Louisa C. (1999). Straight Talk about Reading: How Parents Can Make a Difference During the Early Years. Lincolnwood, IL: Contemporary Books.

Heller, Mary F. (1995). Reading writing connections from theory to practice (2nd ed.). White Plains: Longman Publishers.

Honig, B. (1996). Teaching our children to read: The role of skills in a comprehensive reading program. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press, Inc.

International Reading Association. (1997). The role of phonics in reading instruction. Position statement passed at 1997 meeting of IRA board of directors. Reading Online: http://www.readingonline.org. Electronic journal.

Johns, J. L. (1993). Informal reading inventories: Annotated reference guide. DeKalb, IL: Communitech International Corp.

Johnson, M. S., Cress, R. A., & Pikulskil, J. J. (1987). Informal reading inventories. Newark, DE: International Reading Association.

Juel, C. (1991). Beginning reading. In Barr, R., et al. (Eds.). Handbook of Reading Research (Vol. 2). New York: Longman, 759-788.

_____. (1988). Learning to read and write: A longitudinal study of fifty-four children from first through fourth grades. Journal of Educational Psychology, 80(4), 437-447.

_____. (1994). Learning to read and write in one elementary school. New York: Springer-Verlag.

_____. (1990). The role of decoding in early literacy instruction and assessment. In Morrow, L.M., & Smith, J.K. (Eds.). Assessment for instruction in early literacy. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, Inc., 135-154.

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Kirtley, C., Bryant, P., MacLean, M., & Bradley, L. (1989). Rhyme, rime, and the onset of reading. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 48, 224-245.

Lesgold, A. M., & Resnick, L. B. (1982). How reading disabilities develop: Perspectives from longitudinal study. In Das, J.P., Mulcahy, R., & Wall, AE (Eds.). Theory and Research in Learning Disability. New York: Plenum.

Lieberman, Isabelle Y., & Shankweiler, Donald. (1985). Phonology and problems of learning to read the write. Remedial and Special Education, 6, 8-17.

Lipson, Marjorie Y. & Wixson, Karen K. (1997). Assessment and instruction of reading and writing disability. New York: Addison Wesley.

Maclean, M., Bryant, P., & Bradley, L. (1987). Rhymes, nursery rhymes, & reading in early childhood. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 33(3), 255-281.

McCracken, Robert A., & McCracken, Marlene J. (1986). Stories, songs, and poetry to teach reading and writing: Literacy through language. Winnepeg: Peguis Publishers Ltd.

Miller, J. W., & McKenna, M. (1989). Teaching reading in the elementary classroom. Scottsdale, AZ: Gorsuch Scarisbrick Publishers, 433-437.

National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA: The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, Inc.

National Reading Panel. (2000). Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction. NICHHD, 2-41.

National Research Council. (1999). Starting out right, a guide to promoting children's reading success. Washington DC: National Academy Press.

Pearson, P. D., & Fielding, L. (1996). Comprehension instruction. Handbook of Reading Research (Vol. 2), 815-860.

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Pearson, P. D., et al. (1992). Developing expertise in reading comprehension. What research has to say about reading instruction. Newark, DE: International Reading Association, 145-199.

Perfetti, C. A. (1985). Reading ability. New York: Oxford University Press.

Peterson, M. E., & Haines, L. P. (1992). Orthographic analogy training with kindergarten children. Effects on analogy use, phonemic segmentation, and letter-sound knowledge. Journal of Reading Behavior, 24(1), 121.

Powell, Debbie. (1990). Teaching graphophonics in a whole language classroom. Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia: Distributed in the U.S. by Rigby.

Pressley, Michael, et al. (1989). The challenges of classroom strategy instruction. The Elementary School Journal, 89 (3), 301-341.

Pressley, M. (1998). Reading instruction that works: The case for balanced teaching. New York: Guilford Press.

_____. (2000). What should comprehension instruction be the instruction of? In Barr, R., et al. (Eds.). Handbook of Reading Research (Vol. 3). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 545.

Reitsma, Peter. (Spring 1998). Reading practice for beginners: Effects of guided reading, reading-while-listening, and independent reading with computer-based speech feedback. Reading Research Quarterly, 23(2), 219-235.

Reutzel, D. R., & Cooter, R. B. (1992). Teaching children to read: From basals to books. New York: Macmillan.

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Rosenshine, Barak V. (April 1986). Synthesis of research on explicit teaching. Educational Leadership, 43(7), 60-69.

Samuels, S. J. (1994). Word recognition. In Ruddell, R.B., Ruddell, M. R., & Singer, H. (Eds.). Theoretical Models and Processes of Reading (4th ed.). Newark, DE: International Reading Association, 359-380.

San Francisco State University. (1999). Bay area mathematics task force report: A mathematics source book. San Francisco, CA: San Francisco State University, 7.

Slocum, Timothy A., O'Connor, Rollanda E., & Jenkins, Joseph R. (1993). Transfer among phonological manipulation skills. Journal of Educational Psychology, 85(4), 618-630.

Snow, Catherine E., Burns, M. Susan, & Griffin, Peg (Eds.). (1998). Preventing reading difficulties in young children. Washington DC: National Academy Press.

_____. (1999). Starting out right: A guide to promoting children's reading success. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

Stahl, Steven A. (1992). Saying the 'p' word: Nine guidelines for exemplary phonics instruction. The Reading Teacher, 45, 618-625.

_____. (1999). Vocabulary development. Cambridge, MA: Brookline Books, 4.

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Stahl, S. A., Heubach, Kathleen, & Cramond, Bonnie. (30 Nov.-3 Dec. 1994). Fluency-oriented reading instruction. Annual Meeting of the National Reading Conference. San Diego, CA.

Stanovich, Keith E. (2000) Progress in understanding reading: Scientific foundations and new frontiers. New York: The Guilford Press.

_____. (Dec. 1993-Jan. 1994). Romance and reality. The Reading Teacher, 47(4). 280-291.

_____. (1980). Toward an interactive-compensatory model of individual differences in the development of reading fluency. Reading Research Quarterly, 16(1), 32-71.

Strickland, Dorothy, & Cullinan, Bernice. (1990). Afterword in Beginning to read: Thinking and learning about print by Marilyn Jager Adams. Cambridge: MIT Press, 426-434.

Tierny, R. J., et al. (1989). The effects of reading and writing upon thinking critically. Reading Research Quarterly, 24(2), 134-173.

Tierny, R. J., & Leys, M. (1986). What is the value of connecting reading and writing? In Peterson, B.T. (Ed.). Convergences: Transactions in Reading and Writing. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English, 15-29.

Torgesen, Joseph K., & Mathes, Patricia G. (2000). A basic guide to understanding, assessing, and teaching phonological awareness. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed, Inc.

Wallach, Michael A., & Wallach, Lise. (1979). Helping disadvantaged children learn to read by teaching them phoneme identification skills. In Resnick, L.A., & Weaver, P.A. (Eds.). Theory and Practice of Early Reading (Vol. 3). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Associates, 197-215.

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Allington, Richard L., & Krull, Kathleen. (1980). Thinking. Milwaukee, WI: Raintree.

American Association for the Advancement of Science. (1990). Science for All Americans. New York: Oxford University Press.

_____. (1993). Benchmarks for Science Literacy. New York: Oxford University Press.

Balka, Don S. (1995). Unifix Mathematics Activities Book 1: Precounting, Early Counting, Addition Experiences. Rowley, MA: DIDAX Educational Resources.

Baroody, Arthur J. (1987). Children's Mathematical Thinking. New York: Teachers College Press.

Barratta-Lorton, Mary. (1995). Mathematics Their Way. Boston, MA: Addison Wesley.

Bingham, Caroline (Ed.). (1996). Why Does Lightning Strike?: Questions Children Ask About the Weather. Boston, MA: Dorling Kindersley.

Bley, Nancy S., & Thornton, Carol A. (1995). Teaching Mathematics to Students with Learning Disabilites. (3rd ed.) Austin, TX: PRO-ED.

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Bosak, Susan V. (2000). Science Is … : A Sourcebook of Fascinating Facts, Projects and Activities. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books.

Boswell, L. A. (1998). Math Central. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.

Breckenridge, et al. (1998). 365 More Simple Science Experiments with Everyday Materials. New York: Black Dog and Leventhal.

Burns, Marilyn, & Tank, Bonnie. (1998). A Collection of Math Lessons from Grades 1 through 3. Sausalito, CA: Math Solutions.

_____. (1976). The I Hate Mathematics Book. London, England: Little, Brown.

_____. (1992). About Teaching Mathematics, a K-8 Resource. Sausalito, CA: Math Solutions.

_____. (1992). Math and Literature (K-3). Sausalito, CA: Math Solutions Publications.

Burton, G. M., and E. M. Maletsky. (1998). Math Advantage. Orlando, FL: Harcourt Brace.

Charlesworth, Rosalind, and Lind, Karen K. (1999). Math and Science for Young Children. San Francisco, CA: Delmar.

Childcraft: The How and Why Library. (1980). The Green Kingdom. Chicago, IL: World Book-Childcraft International.

Clements, D.H. (1998). Math for You and Me. New York: McGraw-Hill.

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Clements, Douglas. (1998). Math in My World. (Teacher's Edition, Grade 1). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Dinio-Durkin, Cecilia. (1997). Brain-Boosting Math Activities. New York: Scholastic.

Dohler, Dora. (1997). "The Role of Games, Puzzles, and Riddles in Elementary Mathematics" in Games and Puzzles for Elementary and Middle School Mathematics. Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.

Drum, Randell L., & Petty, Wesley G., Jr. (January 1999). "Teaching the Value of Coins" in Teaching Children Mathematics. pp. 264-268.

Fennell, Francis. (2000). Connect to NCTM Standards 2000. Chicago, IL: Creative Publications.

Geary, David. (1996). Children's Mathematical Development. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Hogben, Lancelot. (1993). Mathematics for the Million (Revised Edition): W.W. Norton & Company.

Kamii, Constance. (2000). Young Children Reinvent Arithmetic: Implications of Piaget's Theory. New York: Teachers College Press.

Kellough, Richard D. (1996). Integrating Mathematics and Science for Kindergarten and Primary Children. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

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Kennedy, Leonard M., and Tipps, Steve. (2000). Guiding Children's Learning of Mathematics. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Lilly, Dr. Marsha W. (1999). Math at Hand. Wilmington, MA: Houghton Mifflin, Great Source Education Group.

Liping, Ma. (1999). Knowing and Teaching Elementary Mathematics: Teachers' Understanding of Fundamental Mathematics in China and the United States. Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc.

Mayberry, Sally, et al. (1992). Using Manipulatives to Teach Mathematics. Greensboro, NC: Carson-Dellosa.

McIntosh, Alistair, et al. (1997). Number Sense: Simple Effective Number Sense Experiences. Parsippany, NJ: Dale Seymour Publications.

National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (1993). Research Ideas for the Classroom Early Childhood Mathematics. New York: Macmillan.

_____. (1995). Ideas: NCTM Standards-based Instruction, Grades K-4. Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.

_____. (2000). Principles and Standards for School Mathematics. Reston, VA: The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, Inc.

_____. (2000). Principles and Standards for School Mathematics. Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.

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National Research Council. (1996). National Science Education Standards. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

Reys, Robert E., et al. (1989). Helping Children Learn Mathematics. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

Richardson, Kathy. (1999). Developing Number Concepts: Place Value, Multiplication and Division. White Plains, NY: Wesley Longman.

Schmidt, Victor, and Rockcastle, Verne. (1995). Teaching Science with Everyday Things. Fresno, CA: AIMS Education Foundation.

Smith, Susan Sperry. (2001). Early Childhood Mathematics. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

Sodovnik, A., et al. (1994). Exploring Education. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

Stein, Mary, et al. (1997). Designing Effective Mathematics: A Direct Instruction Approach. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Tank, Bonnie. (1996). Math by all Means: Probability. Sausalito, CA: Math Solutions Publications.

Thompson, Charles. (1990). Mathematics for the Young Child. Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.

Thompson, Frances M. (1994). Hands-on Math, K-1. West Nyack, NY: Center for Applied Research in Education.

Tolman, Marvin N., & Morton, James O. (1995). Hands-on Life Science for Grades K-8. New York: Prentice Hall.

Van De Walle, John. (1994). Elementary School Mathematics: Teaching Developmentally. White Plains, NY: Longman.

Ward, Sandra. (1995). Constructing Ideas about Counting. Mountain View, CA: Creative Publications.

Whitin, David J., & Wilde, Sandra. (1992). Read Any Good Math Lately? Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.

Willoughby, Stephen S., et al. (1998). SRA Math: Explorations and Applications, Grade 1. Worthington, OH: SRA/McGraw-Hill.

Worth, Joan. (1990). "Developing Problem-solving Abilities and Attitudes" in Mathematics for the Young Child. Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.

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